ICS Part 2 Computer Lectures Chapter 1 Data Basics | What is DBMS and Features in hindi/urdu
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A database management system (DBMS) is a software package designed to define, manipulate, retrieve and manage data in a database. A DBMS generally manipulates the data itself, the data format, field names, record structure and file structure. It also defines rules to validate and manipulate this data.
The DBMS manages incoming data, organizes it, and provides ways for the data to be modified or extracted by users or other programs. Some DBMS examples include MySQL, PostgreSQL, Microsoft Access, SQL Server, FileMaker, Oracle, RDBMS, dBASE, Clipper, and FoxPro.
We will discuss few very important ones to familiarize ourselves with the basics of database management system.
1) Data Dictionary Management
Actual dictionary has meanings of words in it. Similarly , a DBMS has a dictionary where it stores information about all tables , columns and relationship between them & the change in them. This saves you time to track & manage all of this by yourselves
2) Data Storage Management
Data is to be stored on disk of our computers right? Now , imagine you have to create the right structures or program the arrays , data list and create data structures to handle the data and the pressure of it’s growing size? It will be too much to handle . So a DBMS do this job for us . We just follow our designs & data structures and data storage is handled by our DBMS.
3) Data Transformation and Presentation
Modern databases have users from all parts of the world. You use facebook & you see that it gives you language options or time & date options according to your region . Now this is so spotless that most of miss the genius work of programmers who do it. DBMS helps to achive this task by providing options to transform data in multiple formats & then present it to the appropriate users.
Date format in England is dd/mm/yyyy & in United States it is mm/dd/yyyy . DBMS should be able to manage this change & present it to both American & English user their time formats.
4) Security Management
DBMS mustn’t allow breach of user’s access . DBMS should have appropriate security rules that can restrict access to tables , schema & other database objects. Why is this so important?
5) Backup and Recovery Management
Sometimes , names are enough to show what does it mean. DBMS should be able to take backups and provide methods to recover the lost data . Sometimes , maybe some data developer accidentally removes your production table . Accidents happen all the time? DBMS should have logs & other mechanism than can support data recovery!
6) Data Integrity Management
Amazon have thousands of transactions every second if not minutes. Their orders coming in , inventory coming up on the screen . Now it’s the job of DBMS to make sure that data integrity is not affected in any case. Remember , about primary keys? If DBMS allows duplication of primary key . Can you guess what will happen?
Let me tell you. You could log in in your account and end up seeing my account. Why? because DBMS failed to manage your user id against your account. Imagine the damage. Someone’s credit card shopping is billed to you.
So DBMS should be able to maintain data integrity , data concurrency & data consistency!
Computer Lecturer : Shahzaib Naz
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